Signs Your Pet is in Pain

It’s a true nightmare scenario; feeling completely helpless as your beloved dog or cat is in obvious pain, and like there’s nothing you can do to help them.

Thankfully, you don’t need to feel helpless any more. As whilst our dogs and cats can’t exactly put their paw up and tell us when they’re in pain, what we can do is educate ourselves on the key signs that your pet is in pain. That way, we can then be proactive in knowing what steps to take for timely intervention - to ensure they receive the care they need ASAP.

So with that said, here’s our comprehensive guide to help you identify and address pain in your pets.

How to Tell if Your Pet is in Pain

To start with, here are some common signs your dog or cat is in pain:

Physical Signs of Pain

1. Limping or Difficulty Moving:
   One of the clearest and most obvious signs that your pet might be in pain is a change in their gait. This includes limping, a reluctance to climb stairs, or difficulty getting up from a lying position - which can all indicate joint or muscle pain.
2. Changes in Posture:
   Pets in pain often adopt unusual postures to alleviate discomfort. For example, a dog might arch its back or a cat might curl up in a tight ball. So take note of your pet’s posture and assess whether it’s out of the norm.
3. Decreased Activity:
   This is especially obvious if your pet is usually zipping about and quite energetic. If you notice your dog or cat becoming lethargic or reluctant to move/engage in physical activities they used to enjoy, this could be a sign of pain.
4. Vocalisation:
   A change in the noises your cat or dog typically makes can indicate pain. For example, increased whining, whimpering, growling, or yowling can all be signs of pain or distress. Pay careful attention to when your pet makes these sounds, as they might help pinpoint the source of the pain.
5. Licking or Biting Specific Areas:
   Pets will often lick, bite, or chew at a part of their body that hurts. If they do it compulsively, this can lead to sores or hair loss in the affected area and actually exacerbate their pain.

Behavioural Signs of Pain

1. Changes in Appetite:
   Especially a sudden decrease in their appetite or an obvious difficulty eating can signal oral pain or a broader health issue causing discomfort.
2. Altered Sleep Patterns:
   Pain can also disrupt a pet’s sleep. For example, is your dog or cat sleeping more as a way to escape their pain? Or on the flip side, sleeping less because they can’t settle or get comfortable?
3. Aggression or Irritability:
   Think about how short-tempered you were the last time you were in pain; our pets are the same. Even the most gentle pets can become aggressive or irritable when they are in pain. They might snap, growl, or hiss when touched in a painful area.
4. Hiding or Seeking Isolation:
   Common belief indicates that deeply-rooted instincts urge our pets to hide their pain, as a way to avoid appearing vulnerable in the presence of predators. If your cat is suddenly hiding under the bed or your dog is retreating to a quiet corner, this might be a sign of pain.
5. Changes in Grooming Habits:
   This can be different for both cats and dogs. For instance, cats might groom themselves less or stop grooming themselves altogether if they are in pain, leading to a matted coat. Whereas dogs might excessively groom an area that hurts, leading to hot spots.

Physiological Signs of Pain

1. Panting or Laboured Breathing:
   Panting can be a normal state for dogs in particular. However, excessive or unexplained panting in dogs, and laboured breathing in cats, can be a sign of pain.
2. Trembling or Shaking:
   Unexplained trembling or shaking can indicate pain in pets.
3. Dilated Pupils or Squinting:
   If you notice changes in your pet’s eyes, such as dilated pupils or squinting, this can signal pain. Take note if these changes are sudden too.
4. Increased Heart Rate:
   If you’re cuddling your pet and you notice your pet’s heart beating faster than usual, this could indicate pain. To learn what a “normal” heart rate is for dogs and cats, check out the Red Cross’ guide on the topic here.

Specific Health Conditions

1. Arthritis:
   More common in older pets, arthritis can cause limping, reluctance to move, and changes in behaviour. Look for stiffness in your dog or cat, especially after rest or they’ve been stationary for a prolonged period.
2. Dental Pain:
   Dental issues can cause difficulty or pain when eating - so look for symptoms like pawing at the mouth and bad breath. Pets might also drool excessively or have swollen gums if they’re experiencing dental pain.
3. Ear Infections:
   Signs of ear infections can include head shaking, scratching at the ear, and discharge or odour from the ear. Your pet might tilt their head to one side too, in an attempt to alleviate the pain.
4. Gastrointestinal Issues:
   Abdominal pain can cause changes in appetite, vomiting, diarrhoea, or constipation. Also, your dog or cat may likewise adopt a hunched posture or show signs of discomfort when their abdomen is touched.
5. Injuries and Trauma:
   Obvious signs include visible wounds, swelling, and bruising. Less obvious signs can be limping, whining, or refusal to use a limb.

What to Do If Your Pet Is in Pain

1. Consult Your Veterinarian:
   The first and most important step is to reach out to a trusted veterinarian if you suspect your pet is in pain. They can perform a thorough examination of your pet and may recommend specialised tests to determine the cause of the pain.
2. Provide a Comfortable Environment:
   Ensure your pet has a comfortable, quiet place to rest. Provide soft bedding and restrict their activity to prevent further injury. Especially with dogs, who may be tempted to follow you from room to room.
3. Administer Pain Medication:
   Only administer pain medication prescribed by your veterinarian. Human medications can be toxic to pets, so never give your pet over-the-counter drugs without veterinary guidance.
4. Adjust Their Diet:
   In special circumstances, dietary changes can help manage pain - especially in conditions like arthritis. For instance, a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids and glucosamine can support joint health.
5. Regular Monitoring:
   Keep a close eye on your pet’s typical behaviour and physical condition. Maintain a journal of any changes to report to your vet if you’re at all concerned they’re acting out of character.

Preventing Pain in Pets

Now you have a better understanding of what timely measures to take if you notice your pet is in pain…what can you do to prevent that pain from occurring in the first place?

Here are some top recommendations:

1. Regular Check-Ups:
   Regular check-ups at the vets can help identify and prevent health issues before they grow to cause significant pain.
2. Maintain a Healthy Weight:
   Obesity can exacerbate pain in pets, particularly in the joints. Ensure your pet maintains a healthy weight through proper diet and exercise.
3. Provide Joint Supplements:
   Consider adding joint supplements to your pet’s diet, especially for cat and dog breeds prone to arthritis.
4. Dental Care:
   Regular dental check-ups and cleanings can prevent painful dental conditions. Brush your pet’s teeth regularly and provide dental treats or toys. For further tips check out our pet dental health guide.
5. Safe Environment:
   Ensure your home is safe, secure and free from any potential hazards that could cause injury. Use pet-friendly cleaning products and secure loose items that could be swallowed.

In Conclusion

Recognising and understanding the signs that your pet is in pain is the first step in providing them with the care they need. By being aware of changes in their behaviour, physical condition, and routine, you can ensure your dog or cat continues to live a happy, comfortable life.

If you ever suspect your pet is in pain, don’t hesitate to consult your veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

At World 4 Pets, we are committed to helping you keep your pets healthy and happy. Explore our range of high-quality pet products and supplements designed to support your pet’s overall well-being.